Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean
In addition to learner-internal influences CLKs' awareness of pragmatic resistance and the relationship advantages they had access to were significant. For instance the RIs from TS and ZL both mentioned their relationships with their local professors as an important factor in their pragmatic choice to avoid expressing criticism of the strictness of a professor (see the example 2).
This article reviews all local practical research on Korean until 2020. It focuses on pragmatic important topics such as:
Discourse Construction Tests (DCTs)
The Discourse Completion Test (DCT) is an instrument that is widely used in research that is based on pragmatic principles. It has many advantages, but it also has its disadvantages. The DCT for instance, does not take into account individual and cultural variations. The DCT can also be biased and can lead to overgeneralizations. It should be carefully analyzed before it is used in research or evaluation.
Despite its limitations, the DCT can be a useful instrument to study the relationship between prosody, information structure and non-native speakers. The ability to manipulate social variables that affect the manner of speaking in two or more steps can be a plus. This feature can be used to study the role of prosody across cultural contexts.
In the field of linguistics the DCT is now one of the primary instruments for analyzing learners' behavior in communication. It can be used to analyze numerous issues, like politeness, turn-taking, and lexical choices. It can be used to evaluate the phonological complexity of learners speaking.
A recent study used a DCT to test EFL students' refusal skills. Participants were presented with an array of scenarios and asked to choose the appropriate response from the options offered. The researchers found the DCT to be more efficient than other methods of refusal like videos or questionnaires. However, the researchers warned that the DCT should be used with caution and should include other types of data collection methods.
DCTs are typically designed with specific linguistic criteria in mind,
프라그마틱 무료체험 메타 like content and form. These criteria are intuitive and are based on the assumptions of the test developers. They may not be correct, and
프라그마틱 데모 they could be misleading about the way ELF learners actually reject requests in actual interactions. This issue requires more research into alternative methods of assessing refusal competence.
A recent study examined DCT responses to requests made by students via email versus those gathered from an oral DCT. The results revealed that DCT promoted more direct and traditionally indirect request forms and a lower use of hints than email data did.
Metapragmatic Questionnaires (MQs)
This study explored Chinese learners' pragmatic choices in their use of Korean using a variety of experimental tools, including Discourse Completion Tasks (DCTs), metapragmatic questionnaires, and Refusal Interviews (RIs). Participants were 46 CLKs with intermediate or higher ability who responded to MQs and DCTs. They were also asked to consider their evaluations and refusal performance in RIs. The results showed that CLKs often chose to resist native Korean pragmatism norms. Their choices were influenced by four factors such as their personality and multilingual identities, their current life experiences as well as their relational affordances. These findings have implications for L2 Korean assessment and teaching.
First, the MQ data were analysed to identify the participants' rational choices. The data were classified according to Ishihara's (2010) definition of pragmatic resistance. Then, the responses were matched with their linguistic performance on the DCTs to determine whether they showed a pattern of resistance to pragmatics or not. Interviewees were also required to explain why they chose a pragmatic behavior in certain situations.
The findings of the MQs and DCTs were then examined using descriptive statistics and z-tests. The CLKs were found use euphemistic terms such as "sorry" or "thank you". This is likely due to their lack of experience with the target languages, which led to an insufficient understanding of korean pragmatic norms. The results showed that the CLKs' preference for converging to L1 norms or diverging from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms varies according to the DCT situations. For instance, in Situations 3 and 12 the CLKs would prefer to diverge from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms whereas in Situation 14 they favored a convergence to L1 norms.
The RIs further revealed that the CLKs were aware their own pragmatism in each DCT situation. RIs were conducted on a one-to-one basis within a period of two days of the participants completing the MQs. The RIs were recorded and transcribed by two coders independent of each other and then coded. The coding process was an iterative process, where the coders read and discussed each transcript. The coding results are then evaluated against the original RI transcripts to determine whether they accurately portrayed the underlying behavior.
Interviews with Refusal
The central question in pragmatic research is: Why do certain learners choose not to accept native-speaker norms? A recent study sought to answer this question employing a range of experimental instruments, including DCTs MQs, DCTs,
무료슬롯 프라그마틱 무료 슬롯 (
Https://www.bos7.cc/) and RIs. The participants comprised 46 CLKs, 44 CNSs and 45 KNSs from five Korean universities. Participants were asked to complete the DCTs and MQs in their L1 or their L2. They were then invited to an RI where they were required to think about and discuss their responses to each DCT scenario.
The results showed that, on average,
프라그마틱 환수율 the CLKs disapproved of native-speaker pragmatic norms in over 40% of their responses. They did this even when they were able to produce patterns that resembled natives. They were aware of their practical resistance. They attributed their decisions to learner-internal factors like their personalities, multilingual identities, and ongoing life histories. They also mentioned external factors like relational affordances. For example, they described how their relationships with professors facilitated an easier performance with respect to the linguistic and intercultural norms of their university.
The interviewees expressed their concern about the social pressures or penalties they could face in the event that their local social norms were not followed. They were worried that their native interactants might consider them "foreigners" and believe they are incompetent. This worry was similar to the one expressed by Brown (2013) and Ishihara (2009).
These results suggest that native-speaker practical norms are no longer the preferred choice of Korean learners. They could still be useful for official Korean proficiency testing. Future researchers should reassess the applicability of these tests in various contexts and in particular situations. This will allow them to better understand the effect of different cultural environments on the classroom behavior and interactions of students in L2. This will also help educators improve their methods of teaching and testing Korean pragmatics. Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risks consultancy.
Case Studies
The case study method is a research strategy that utilizes deep, participatory investigations to explore a particular subject. This method uses multiple data sources like interviews, observations, and documents to prove its findings. This kind of investigation can be used to analyze complicated or unique subjects that are difficult for other methods of measuring.